核心结构:三段论
高考英语议论文通常采用“总-分-总”的三段论结构,清晰明了,便于阅卷老师快速抓住要点。

第一段:引言段
目标: 引入话题,表明观点,提出文章中心论点。
结构公式: 背景句 + 引入话题 + 我的观点
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背景句:
- 作用: 宏观地描述与话题相关的社会现象或普遍认知,为引出话题做铺垫。
- 技巧: 使用“With the development of...”, “Nowadays, ... has become a hot topic.”等句型。
- 示例:
With the rapid development of technology, the internet has become an indispensable part of our daily life.(随着科技的快速发展,互联网已成为我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。)
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引入话题:
- 作用: 具体点明文章要讨论的问题。
- 技巧: 直接陈述问题,或使用提问的方式引出。
- 示例:
However, a heated debate has arisen as to whether students should be allowed to use smartphones in the classroom.(关于是否应该允许学生在课堂上使用智能手机,一场激烈的辩论已经展开。)
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我的观点:
- 作用: 清晰、明确地亮出你的立场,这是全文的“文眼”。
- 技巧: 使用
I firmly believe that...,From my perspective,...,As far as I am concerned,...等表达。 - 示例:
From my perspective, although smartphones can be useful tools, they should be strictly prohibited in the classroom to ensure an effective learning environment.(在我看来,尽管智能手机可以是有用的工具,但为了保证有效的学习环境,应严格禁止在课堂使用。)
第二段:主体段
目标: 从2-3个不同角度论证你的观点,提供充分的理由和论据。
结构公式: 分论点句 + 解释/举例 + 小结
- 每个分论点自成一体,构成一个“观点-解释-例子”的完整逻辑链。
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分论点句:
- 作用: 清晰地陈述本段的核心论点。
- 技巧: 使用
First and foremost,...,In addition,...,Last but not least,...,On the one hand,...等连接词。 - 示例:
First and foremost, smartphones can be a major distraction for students.(智能手机会成为学生的一大干扰。)
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解释/举例:
- 作用: 详细阐述为什么你的分论点是正确的,并用具体的例子来支撑。
- 技巧: 解释原因,引用数据、名人名言,或讲述个人经历/社会现象。
- 示例:
Instead of focusing on the teacher's lecture, students might be tempted to check social media, play games, or send messages. For instance, a recent survey shows that nearly 60% of students admit to using their phones for non-academic purposes during class, which significantly hinders their academic performance.(学生们可能会被诱惑去刷社交媒体、玩游戏或发信息,而不是专注于老师的讲课,最近的一项调查显示,近60%的学生承认在课堂上用手机进行与学习无关的活动,这严重阻碍了他们的学业表现。)
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小结:
- 作用: 重申本段分论点,强化论证。
- 技巧: 可以用一个简单的句子总结。
- 示例:
Therefore, banning smartphones in class is crucial for maintaining students' concentration.(在课堂上禁止智能手机对于保持学生的专注至关重要。)
- 重复上述结构,阐述第二个、第三个分论点。
第三段:结论段
目标: 总结全文,重申观点,并提出建议或展望未来。
结构公式: 重申观点 + 总结论据 + 展望/建议
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重申观点:
- 作用: 用不同的措辞再次强调你的中心论点,与首段形成呼应。
- 技巧: 切忌简单重复首句,可以使用
In conclusion, ...,To sum up, ...,All in all, ...等开头。 - 示例:
In conclusion, while smartphones have their merits, their negative impacts on classroom learning are undeniable.(尽管智能手机有其优点,但它们对课堂学习的负面影响是不可否认的。)
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总结论据:
- 作用: 简要回顾主体段的分论点。
- 技巧: 用一两句话概括。
- 示例:
They distract students, hinder face-to-face communication, and can even lead to academic dishonesty.(它们会分散学生注意力,阻碍面对面交流,甚至可能导致学术不端行为。)
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展望/建议:
- 作用: 提出解决方案、发出呼吁或对未来进行展望,使文章立意更高。
- 技巧: 使用
It is high time that we...,We should...,Only in this way can we...等句型。 - 示例:
It is high time that we took effective measures to regulate the use of technology in education, ensuring that it serves as a helpful aid rather than a disruptive element.(是我们采取有效措施规范教育中技术使用的时候了,确保它成为有益的助手,而非干扰因素。)
高分词汇与句型
高分替换词
| 普通词汇 | 高分替换词 |
|---|---|
| think | believe, argue, claim, maintain, hold the view that |
| important | crucial, vital, significant, essential, indispensable |
| good | beneficial, advantageous, positive |
| bad | harmful, detrimental, negative, adverse |
| many | a host of, a multitude of, a number of, numerous |
| more and more | increasingly, growing numbers of |
| because of | due to, owing to, attributable to, as a result of |
| so | therefore, thus, consequently, hence, accordingly |
| first | To begin with, To start with, First and foremost |
| second | Furthermore, Moreover, In addition, Besides |
| finally | Last but not least, Above all |
高分句型
- 倒装句:
Only in this way can we solve this problem.(只有这样我们才能解决这个问题。)Not only should we study hard, but we should also learn to cooperate with others.(我们不仅要努力学习,还要学会与人合作。)
- 强调句:
It is the education that plays a vital role in shaping a person's future.(正是教育在塑造一个人的未来中起着至关重要的作用。)It was because of his hard work that he achieved success.(正是因为他的努力,他才取得了成功。)
- 状语从句:
- 让步状语:
Although online learning is convenient, it cannot replace the interaction of a traditional classroom.(尽管在线学习很方便,但它无法取代传统课堂的互动。) - 原因状语:
As the population ages, the problem of supporting the elderly has become increasingly prominent.(随着人口老龄化,养老问题日益突出。) - 目的状语:
Students should work hard so that they can get into their ideal universities.(学生们应该努力学习,以便能进入理想的大学。)
- 让步状语:
- 非谓语动词:
Faced with such a challenge, we should remain optimistic.(面对这样的挑战,我们应该保持乐观。)Seeing is believing.(眼见为实。)
审题技巧
后,不要急于动笔,先花1-2分钟审题。
- 圈出关键词: 找出题目中的核心名词和动词。
Should students be allowed to choose their own teachers?- 关键词:
students,choose,teachers
- 明确文体: 题目通常会明确要求你“谈谈你的看法”、“给出你的观点”等,这表明是议论文。
- 确定立场: 思考你支持还是反对,或者部分同意部分反对,选择一个你最有话可说、论据最充分的立场。切忌骑墙!
- 头脑风暴: 在草稿纸上快速写下能想到的所有支持你观点的理由和例子。
范文解析
** Some people believe that failure is the mother of success. Do you agree or disagree?
范文分析:
**第一段:引
